Iki ni ikibazo gikomeje kwibazwa n’abatuye mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC). Mu gihe ibiganiro bishya hagati ya Leta ya Kinshasa n’inyeshyamba za M23 biri kubera mu Busuwisi, byongeye gutanga icyizere ariko nanone bigasiga impungenge.
Mu makuru aheruka gutangazwa, impande zombi, Leta ya DRC n’umutwe wa M23, ziri kuganira ku masezerano ajyanye no gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’agahenge, igice gifatwa nk’intambwe ikomeye mu nzira igana ku mahoro arambye.
Intambwe nshya mu biganiro by’amahoro
Ibiganiro biri kubera mu Busuwisi byimuriwe aho byavanywe muri Qatar, aho byari byaratangiriye mbere, bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye zirimo n’ihindagurika ry’umutekano ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ibi biganiro bishya bigamije gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukurikirana amasezerano y’agahenge peace monitoring, bikaba ari ingenzi cyane kuko amasezerano menshi yabayeho mbere atigeze yubahirizwa neza.
Mu by’ukuri, mu 2025 impande zombi zari zarasinye amasezerano y’ibanze arimo ingingo zirimo guhererekanya imfungwa no kugenzura agahenge, ariko ibikorwa bya gisirikare byarakomeje.
Ubu, icyo impande zombi zishaka ni uburyo bufatika bwo kugenzura ko ibyo bemeranyijweho bishyirwa mu bikorwa, ikintu cyabaye ikibazo gikomeye mu mateka y’iyi ntambara.
Impamvu aya masezerano ari ingenzi
Intambara imaze imyaka myinshi mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, cyane cyane mu Ntara za Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’Amajyepfo, yateje ibibazo bikomeye birimo impunzi, ubwicanyi n’isenyuka ry’ubukungu.
M23, umutwe witwaje intwaro, wagize imbaraga zikomeye mu 2025 aho wigaruriye imijyi ikomeye nka Goma, bituma Leta ya Congo ishyirwaho igitutu gikomeye ku rwego rwa dipolomasi n’igisirikare.
Ni muri urwo rwego, amahanga arimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Qatar yakomeje gusaba ko haba ibiganiro aho gukomeza intambara.
Kugera ku masezerano yo gukurikirana amahoro bishobora kuba intambwe ya mbere iganisha ku masezerano ya nyuma ashobora guhagarika burundu imirwano.
Ariko se hari icyizere cy’ukuri?
Nubwo hari icyizere, amateka y’aya masezerano arimo amasomo akomeye.
Mu bihe byashize, amasezerano menshi yarasinywe ariko ntiyashyirwa mu bikorwa. Hari aho M23 yakomeje ibikorwa bya gisirikare nubwo ibiganiro byari bikomeje, ibintu byatumye abaturage batakaza icyizere mu biganiro bya politiki.
Ikindi kandi, hari impaka zikomeye ku ruhare rw’ibihugu byo mu karere, cyane cyane ibyo Congo ishinja gufasha M23 nubwo ibyo birego bihakanwa.
Ibi byose bituma ikibazo cy’amahoro kitaba gusa ikibazo cya M23 na Leta ya Congo, ahubwo kikaba ikibazo cy’akarere kose.
U Busuwisi, igihugu cy’amahoro ariko se kizabigeraho?
Guhitamo u Busuwisi nk’ahabereye ibiganiro si impanuka. Iki gihugu kimenyereweho kuba ahantu hatuje hifashishwa mu biganiro mpuzamahanga.
Ariko ikibazo gikomeye si aho ibiganiro bibera, ni ubushake bwa politiki bw’impande zombi. Ese koko impande zombi ziteguye kureka intambara Cyangwa aya masezerano ni indi ntambwe ya dipolomasi igamije gusa kugabanya igitutu mpuzamahanga.
Niba amasezerano yo gukurikirana amahoro asinywe kandi agashyirwa mu bikorwa, bishobora gutuma imirwano igabanuka, impunzi zigatangira gutaha ndetse n’ubukungu bugasubira kuzanzamuka.
Ariko niba bitagenze gutyo, bishobora gutuma intambara irushaho gukaza umurego, icyizere cy’abaturage kikarushaho kuzimira ndetse akarere kagakomeza guhungabana.
Ibiganiro biri kubera mu Busuwisi bishobora kuba ari yo mahirwe ya nyuma yo kuzana amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa RD. Congo cyangwa bikaba indi nkuru isubiramo amateka y’amasezerano atigeze agira icyo ageraho.
Mu gihe amahanga akomeje gukurikirana ibi biganiro, amaso y’abaturage ba Congo yo ahanze ku gisubizo kimwe, Amahoro.”
